彭阳县城区中小学生因病缺课病因分析

Analysis on the absence for illness among primary and middle school students in Pengyang County

目的了解彭阳县中小学生因病缺课情况,为制定中小学生常见疾病防治措施提供依据。方法对彭阳县城区7所中小学校12 580名学生2009年9月-2010年6月的晨检记录资料进行整理分析。结果彭阳县城区学生因病缺课率为6.30%,男生为6.02%,女生为6.59%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.72,P>0.05);小学生、初中生和高中生因病缺课率分别为7.01%,7.21%,3.27%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=53.49,P<0.01)。小学、初中和高中均以呼吸系统疾病占首位,胃肠道疾病占第2位;患病时间以冬、春季病例居多,2-3月为最高,11-12月次之。结论彭阳县城区中小学生缺课疾病有明显的季节性,以冬、春季居多,疾病构成主要以呼吸系统、胃肠道疾病和传染病为主。

Objective To understand the absence for illness among primary and middle school students in Pengyang County, and to explore effective measures to improve students＂ health. Methods The morning check records of 12 580 students in seven schools in urban Pengyang county from September 2009 to June 2010, were collected and analyzed. Results The prevalence rate of students absence due to illness was 6.30% , and it was 6.02% and 6.59% for boys and girls respectively, the difference was not significant （x^2 = 1.72 ,P〉0.05 ）. The prevalence rate of absence due to illness was 7.01%, 7.21% and 3.27% for elementary, middle and high school, the difference was significant （x^2 = 53.49, P〈0.01 ）. The respiratory diseases was the first and gastrointestinal diseases was the second in the diseases caused students＂ absence, and mostly gathered during the period from February to March, followed by November to December. Conclusion The diseases caused absence are seasonal among primary and secondary school students in urban Pengyang, mostly happen in winter and spring, and the constitution is mainly respiratory diseases, gastrointestinal diseases and infectious diseases.