宁波市2007－2010年幼托机构手足口病流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of hand foot and mouth disease in kindergartens of Ningbo,2007-2010

目的探讨宁波市幼托儿童手足口病的流行特征,为完善相关预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法对中国疾病预防控制信息系统中2007-2010年宁波市幼托儿童手足口病个案、病原学监测数据进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2007-2010年宁波市幼托机构共报告手足口病病例8 017例。4-7月共报告病例5 817例,占全年报告病例数的72.56%。2～5岁儿童是幼托机构主要发病人群(80.91%),男性发病数高于女性。疫情高发趋势提前,从城市向农村扩散的程度逐年增高。肠道病毒EV71型是主要的病毒株。结论宁波市幼托机构手足口病疫情上升明显,发病高峰为4-7月,城乡结合部和农村的幼托机构成为新的高发区。

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of hand foot and mouth disease （ HFMD ） in kindergartens of Ningbo and to provide scientific evidence for the further improvement of the control and prevention measures. Methods A descriptive epidemiological analysis was performed to study the HFMD case reports and the data of etiological surveillance in Ningbo from 2007 to 2010. The data were collected from Information System of Disease Control and Prevention in China. Results A total of 8 017 cases of HFMD were reported from 2007 to 2010. There were 5 817 cases reported during April to July, accounted for 72.56% of the total. Most common cases aged 2 to 5 years old （ 80.91% ）. The number of male patients was obviously higher than females. The epidemic came early and dispersed from urban to rural areas year by year. Etiologic surveillance showed that EV71 was the predominant epidemic strain. Conclusion In recent years, there is a perspicuous rise in epidemic of HFMD in kindergartens. The peak of outbreak is from April to July. Urban-rural fringe and the countryside are becoming the new high incidence area.