大隐翅虫生物学特性及其对蝇类捕食作用的观察

Study on the biology and prey function of Creophilus maxillosus(Coleoptera:Staphliniae)for fly larvae

在22～25℃室温条件下,大隐翅虫卵期约4天、幼虫期约14天、蛹期约16天。大隐翅虫主要孳生与活动于禽类尸体堆、皮毛堆、杂骨堆等有肉食类蝇幼孳生的场所,但成虫栖息于附近的潮湿土壤中,栖息深度3～8 cm,群居,每群有成虫5～10只。成虫产卵于1.5cm 深的潮湿土中,每次产卵约40粒,一生产卵3～5次。在食物不足时,成虫捕食其幼虫,幼虫之间相互捕食。实验室内观察,在加以肉质情况下,对其成虫捕食蝇幼影响不大。饥饿24小时的成虫每只24小时平均捕食丝光绿蝇3龄幼虫13～15条。幼虫喜食蝇蛹,在加肉质条件下,每只24小时平均食丝光绿蝇蛹3.8条。

The biology and the prey function of Creophilus maxillosus as prey on fly larvae were studied in laboratory and in the nature.Creophilus maxillosus is one of important prey enemies of flies.In the laboratory (22-25℃)its eggs' duration is 4 days,larvae 14 days and pupae 16 days. This beetle breeds and lives in the corpse of poutries,fur and bone of animals,where flies also breed,but the mature beetle dweels in the soil at the depth of 3-8cm nearby their breeding place.Female oviposits in the soil at the depth of 1.5cm,producing an average of approximately 40 eggs one time.Matures prey their descendants and larvae prey each other when their food lacks.It is observered that mature,huried in 24 hours,can preys 13-15 third instar larvae of Lucilia sericata,and the larvae can eat 4 pupae in 24 hours.