云南省德宏州2009年新报告HIV感染者溯源调查

Survey on contact tracing of newly reported HIV infections in 2009 in Dehong prefecture, Yunnan province

目的探索提高HIV感染者和AIDS患者发现能力的方法。方法2009年9月，采用统一设计的问卷对德宏州潞西市、盈江县、瑞丽市、陇川县和梁河县于2009年5—8月期间新发现报告的HIV感染者和AIDS患者进行面对面的问卷调查，获取与其存在AIDS传播所有可能的高危行为接触者的个人联系信息，并对高危行为接触者作进一步的逐级追踪，同时对调查对象进行HIV检测。结果2009年5—8月期间，德宏州5县（市）首次报告的HIV感染者（指示病例）共342例，其中经异性固定性伴感染者占47．1％（161／342）。本次调查共进行了三级溯源，共实际追踪到218名高危接触者，其中通过异性固定性伴追踪者占84．9％（185／218）。一、二级接触者中接受检测者的HIV检测阳性率分别为34．7％（60／173）、12．5％（1／8）。指示感染者及其高危接触者中，有异性固定性伴、非固定非商业异性性伴、异性商业性伴和男男性伴的比例分别为87．9％（492／560）、18．9％（106／560）、22．3％（125／560）和0．3％（1／318），与以上4类性伴发生性行为时从未使用安全套的比例分别为73．8％（363／492）、72．7％（77／106）、63．2％（79／125）和0．0％（0／1）。结论作为一种提高HIV感染者和AIDS患者发现能力的流行病学调查方法，溯源调查发现了较多数量的HIV感染者。

Objective To explore a new method for finding more HIV/AIDS. Methods In September 2009, newly reported HIV-infected individuals from May to August, 2009 in Dehong prefecture were asked to participate in a survey which requested demographic characteristics, history of high-risk behaviors and contact information of individuals with whom they had high risky contacts. People with risky contacts with HIV-infeeted cases （index cases） were also approached to participate in this survey and HIV testing was provided. Results A total of 342 HIV-infected individuals were newly reported and served as index cases from May to August, 2009. Among them,47.1% （161/342） were transmitted by regular sexual partners. Through three-round surveys,218 contacts were traced and among them, 84. 9% （185/218） were traced by regular heterosexual partners. HIV positive rate of the tested was 34. 7% （60/173） in the first-round tracing and 12. 5% （1/8） in the second one. Among the 560 individuals （index cases and their high-risk contacts）, the proportions of having regular heterosexual partners, non-regular and non-commercial sexual partners,commercial sexual heterosexual partners and men having sex men were 87.9% （492/560）, 18.9% （ 106/560 ）, 22. 3% （ 125/560 ） and 0. 3% （ 1/318 ）, respectively, while the proportion of having never used condoms when having sex with the above four types sexual partners were 73.8% （ 363/492）, 72. 6% （77/106）, 63.2% （79/125） and 0. 0% （0/1）, respectively. Conclusion As an epidemiological method for HIV/AIDS finding, contact tracing identified a large number of HIV infectors who were traced by newly reported HIV-infected individuals.