山东省中西部地区农村居民高血压相关知识的干预效果

Evaluation on the effectiveness of community intervention on hypertension related knowledge in mid-western rural area of Shandong province

目的评价山东省中西部地区农村居民高血压相关知识的健康教育十预效果。方法2007--2010年，在山东省中西部农村地区开展为期3年的慢性病控制项目。基线调查于2007年4月进行，按照多阶段随机抽样的方法，选取山东省中四部的8个县（市、区），对年龄≥25岁的常住居民（20087名）进行高血压与饮食、吸烟、肥胖有无关系的知识调查。干预期间对于预人群进行合理膳食、控制体重和控烟等为核心内容的健康教育。终期评估调查于2010年10月进行，在8个县抽取干预组（4071名）和对照组（2145名）进行相同的调查，对照组来自非干预人群。2007年基线调查作为2010年干预组和对照组共同的基线资料。通过比较干预前后高血压相关知识的变化了解干预效果。结果高血压与饮食的关系的知晓率由2007年基线的34．0％（6830／20087）上升到2010年干预组的69．3％（2821／4071）（x2=1757．30，P〈0．01）和2010年对照组的44．8％（961／2145）（x2=99．30，P〈0．01）；高血压与吸烟关系的知晓率由2007年基线的25．6％（5142／20087）上升到2010年干预组的55．2％（2247／4071）（X2=1396．59，P〈0．01）和2010年对照组的30．9％（662／2145）（x2=27．83，P〈0．01）；高血压与肥胖关系的知晓率由2007年基线的37．2％（7472／20087）上升到2010年干预组的68．3％（2780／4071）（x2=1339．27，P〈0．01）和2010年对照组的45．1％（967／2145）（x2=51．14，P〈0．01）。结论健康教育等综合干预措施可以明显提高山东中西部地区农村居民高血压相关知识知晓率。

Objective To evaluate the intervention effect of health education on hypertension knowledge in mid-western rural area of Shandong province. Methods A project was launched on chronic disease control in mid-western rural area of Shandong province from 2007 to 2010. The baseline survey was performed using multi-stage random sampling method in 8 counties of mid-western rural area of Shandong province in April, 2007. A total of 20 087 participants aged 25 and above were recruited in the survey to study the relationship between awareness of hypertension and diet, smoking, obesity. Health education focusing on balance diet, physical activity promotion and tobacco control was performed among intervention population. The final evaluation survey using same questionnaire was performed in 2010, classified in intervention （4071 participants） and control （2145 participants） group. Control group was selected from non- intervention town in same county. Intervention and control group shared the same baseline data in 2007 for evaluation. By comparing the changes of hypertension knowledge before and after intervention, the intervention effect was evaluated. Results Awareness of the relationship between hypertension and diet rose from 34. 0% （6830/20 087） at baseline in 2007 to 69. 3% （2821/4071） （ X2 = 1757.30, P 〈 0. 01 ） of intervention group and 44. 8% （961/2145） （ X2 =99.30,P 〈0. 01 ） of control group in 2010. Awareness of hypertension associated to smoking rose from 25.6% （5142/20 087 ）at baseline in 2007 to 55.2% （2247/4071） （ X2 = 1396. 59, P 〈 0. 01 ） in intervention group, 30. 9% （662/2145） （ x2 = 27.83, P 〈 0.01） in control group in 2010. Awareness of hypertension related to obesity rose from 37.2% （7472/20 087 ） of the baseline in 2007 to 68.3% （ 2780/4071 ） （ X2 = 1339. 27,P 〈 0. 01 ） in intervention group,45.1% （967/2145） （ X2 = 51.14, P 〈 0.01 ） in control group in 2010. Conclusion Community comprehensive intervention showed significant effects on hypertension related knowledge improvement in mid-western rural area of Shandong province.