一种高温大型锻件的快速现场测量方法及实验

A fast measurement method for hot large forgings and experiments

提出一种基于二维激光雷达的现场测量高温大型锻件的方法,系统由二维激光测距雷达、伺服电机、减速器等部件组成。先由伺服电机驱动二维激光测距雷达在不同的平面内对锻件进行扫描,得到不同坐标系下锻件表面点的坐标;之后根据坐标系间的变换矩阵,将所有坐标全部变换到统一的测量坐标系下,从而得到锻件的整体点云数据,并重构得到锻件的三维模型,进而实现尺寸测量。实验室标准件实验与锻造车间真实大型锻件实验均证明,该方法用于在线测量具有可行性和快速性,为锻造工艺在线优化奠定了基础。

Dimensional measurement for hot large forgings is desirable to permit real-time process control,but it＇s difficult to deal with very hot workpieces.A novel approach was presented based on Two-dimensional Laser Range Sensor（TLRS）.The measurement system can be obtained by assembling TLRS,servo motor and decelerator.Driven by servo motor,TLRS rotate and scan forgings in different planes.The coordinates of points on forging＇s surface can be obtained in the coordinate system called Sensor Coordinate System（SCS）,set in scanning plane.The position and orientation of this coordinate system change accordingly when TLRS rotates.The origin of another coordinate system called Measurement Coordinate System（MCS） is located at the rotation centre of TLRS.The coordinates of points in different SCS can be transferred into the fixed one in MCS,and obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of points on forging＇s surface in MCS.Modeling of forgings can then be conducted by implementing Delaunay Triangulation,and measurement of different parameters of forgings,such as length and diameter,can be realized.The validity and rapidity of this method have been verified by experiments in both laboratory and forging workshop.