明周太后与文华门哭谏事件

Empress Zhou and Fight Etiquette beside Wen Hua Door in Ming Dynasty

明代历史上,大臣为捍卫祖制伏阙争礼三次,最早始于成化年间的文华门哭谏。这次争礼因宪宗生母周太后在祔葬问题上与大臣的分歧引起,周太后的跋扈独断激起文武百官大规模请愿。文华门哭谏不仅引起皇室祔葬制度的重大变革,也是谏诤皇权不当行为而抗争请愿之开端。

Ministers debated for etiquette in defending the petition of the ceremony, which earliest happened beside the Wen Hua door in Ming Dynasty in Cheng Hua period. This etiquette releted Empress Zhou （the Mother of Xian Zong）. There were different views about obsequies between Empress Zhou and ministers. Her selfish and dour determination provoked ministers petition. In consequence, the obsequies not only provoked great change of imperial family, but also became the beginning of petition campaigns about admonitory advisement to rulers who would disobev the rituals during his rai^rn