论日本奈良时期的神佛习合

On The Integration of Shintoism and Buddhism of Nara Period In Japan

神道是日本本土的自然信仰。佛教于六世纪传到日本后,自奈良时期开始了与神道习合的过程。一方是产生于自然崇拜的原始信仰,一方是宣扬一种人生观、世界观的信仰,两者为何能够习合?究其原因,社会外部原因虽不可忽视,但两者之间存在着的共通之处才是习合发生的最重要内因。通过分析论证,可发现神佛两教在多神及护法善神思想等方面均存在着相通之处,这些共通点使得奈良时期日本神道教和佛教的习合成为可能。

Japanese Shintoism is a kind of local faith in nature in Japan.From Nara period,after being spread to Japan in Sixth century,Buddhism began the integration process with Shintoism.How could the two religions integrate with each other when one originated from nature worship but the other publicized a belief in a kind of life and world outlook？ When we trace it to its causes,we finnd that common ground between the two religions is the most important internal cause though external causes from the whole society can not be ignored.By way of analysis and argumentation,we come to the conclusion that Shintoism and Buddhism have much in common,such as Polytheism and Dharmapala（Dharma Protector）,which became the solid foundation of their integration and made their integration possible in Nara Period,and finally created a lasting and profound effect to the development of both religions.