摘要
植物通过硝酸盐同化途径以硝酸盐和氨的形式吸收氮元素。硝酸盐的同化是一个受到严格控制的过程,其中两个先后参加反应的酶——硝酸还原酶(NR)和亚硝酸还原酶(NiR)对初级氮的同化起主要调控。在高等植物中,NR和NiR基因的转录及转录后加工受到各种内在和外在因素的影响,翻译后调控是消除亚硝酸盐积累的重要机制。随着分子生物学技术的发展,可以更容易地通过突变体和转基因方式来研究NR和NiR基因的调控。
Plants take up nitrogen in the form of nitrate and ammonia through nitrate assimilation pathway.Nitrate assimilation is highly regulated process by two successive enzymes,nitrate reductase （NR） and nitrite reductase （NiR）,which mainly controll the primary nitrogen assimilation.In higher plants,various external and endogenous factors influence the regulation of NR and NiR gene expression transcriptionally as well as post-transcriptionally.Post-translational modulation is an important mechanism to eliminate the accumulation of nitrite.Development of molecular biology methods will contribute to the research of regulatory networks of NR and NiR by creating mutants and transgenic lines.
出处
《生物技术进展》
2011年第3期159-164,共6页
Current Biotechnology
基金
国家烟草专卖局科技计划项目(110200601010)资助
关键词
氮同化
硝酸还原酶
亚硝酸还原酶
转录后修饰
翻译后调控
nitrogen assimilation
nitrate reductase
nitrite reductase
post-transcription
post-translational regulation
