龙芽楤木食药兼用林的培育技术

Cultivation techniques of Aralia elata planted for edible and medicinal purposes

为了探寻食药兼用龙芽楤木的培育技术,以有效开发与合理利用这一野生植物资源,以1年生龙芽楤木容器苗为试材进行了人工栽培试验。结果表明:栽植密度对龙芽楤木苗木当年高生长和地径生长没有明显的影响。栽植当年,龙芽楤木单株苗木地上部分(茎干)的鲜质量为88.9g,根系鲜质量达到299.7g,单株根皮干质量达到了53.3g,根皮出皮率可达69.06%。采用平茬处理的植株,越冬后根桩上的侧芽能够完全萌发,形成新的茎干;采用原地越冬处理的植株其顶芽死亡率较高,达到了31.53%。还对11月中旬采条的植株直接进行了水培生产,其嫩芽的萌发率较低;水培时茎段过长(超过50cm)则芽不易萌发,茎段较短(小于50cm)时芽的萌发率相对较高。

The one-year-old container seedlings in Aralia elata were used in this planting experiment to explore the cultivation techniques of A.elata planted for edible and medicinal purposes.The results showed that the planting density had no obvious effects on the growth of A.elata seedling height and collar diameter.The fresh mass of stems and roots and the dry mass of root bark could reach 88.9 g,299.7 g and 53.3 g,respectively,and the root bark ratio could reach 69.06% in the planting year.The lateral buds of seedlings after cutting treatment could germinate completely over winter,and form new stems.However,the death rate of the terminal buds of untreated seedlings was very high,which was about 31.53%.When the stems were cut in mid November for buds growth in water,the buds would have a low germination rate.When the stem length was more than 50 cm,the buds would germinate difficultly,but the germination rate of buds would relatively higher when the stem length was less than 50 cm.