富勒烯制备与分离方法研究进展

Review on Preparation and Separation Methods of Fullerenes

对富勒烯(Fullerene)的制备与分离提纯方法进行了概述。分析了电弧法、激光蒸发石墨法、等离子体蒸发石墨法、苯燃烧法、催化热分解法及爆炸辅助气相沉积法制备富勒烯等方法的优缺点,认为,富勒烯的制备过程中受到反应区温度、压强、退火温度、催化剂和保护气体等多种因素的影响。综合评估几种方法,认为苯燃烧法成本优势较明显,是国际上工业化生产的主流方法。分离与提纯是富勒烯生产的关键和难点,目前的分离与提纯方法成本高、效率低,寻找快速有效的富勒烯分离和提纯方法十分重要。

The preparation,separation and purification of fullerene were introduced.We analyzed the preparation of fullerene by arc discharge,laser/plasma evaporation graphite method,benzene-oxygen flames synthesis,catalytic-pyrolysis of hydrocarbon,and detonation-assisted chemical vapor deposition,and considered the factors affected the preparation were the reacting region temperature,pressure,annealing temperature,catalyst,and protective gas.Comprehensive assessment of these methods shows benzene-oxygen flames synthesis has a remarkable advantage in cost,which is the mainstreaming approach in international commercial process.The difficulty and key factors lie in preparation and purification of fullerene,therefore it is important to find a quick and efficient method of separation and purification.