《新编国语日报辞典》问题平议

Commentaries on New Chinese Daily Dictionary

20世纪40年代末之前的中国各地,共用的语文工具书主要是黎锦熙先生主纂的《国语辞典》。1949年开始两岸政治分治,语文词典编纂的文脉皆承袭自《国语辞典》,在大陆,有《现代汉语词典》各版本的出版,在台湾,则有《国语日报辞典》和《新编国语日报辞典》的出版。《现代汉语词典》半个世纪以来修订出版了5版,日臻完善,以其收条的严谨性、系统性、科学性而成为全球华人社会公认的一部权威、规范的现代汉语词典。而始由何容先生主编的《国语日报辞典》,后由国语日报出版中心主编成的《新编国语日报辞典》,发展至今也逐渐成为岛内一部颇具影响力的现代语文工具书。本文在与《现代汉语词典》比较的前提下,对《新编国语日报辞典》词目收立、义项设立、释义等几方面的问题进行一下简单的分析,冀能使读者对两岸语文词典编纂的不同有个大致的了解,为汉语社区同类型词典的编纂总结出点滴可借鉴之处。

The Chinese Dictionary mainly compiled by Mr. Li Jinxi was used popularly before the end of the 1940s. All of the styles of Chinese dictionary compilation began to inherit the Chinese Dictionary since political affairs of the two sides of the Taiwan Straits were governed separately. In China's Mainland, different editions of the Modern Chinese Dictionary were published; and in Tai-wan, the Chinese Daily Dictionary and the New Chinese Daily Dictionary were published. The Mod- em Chinese Dictionary has been revised several times in the past fifty years and there have been five revisions since it was first published. The Modem Chinese Dictionary is well-known by its authority and criterion, and widely accepted among Chinese people around the world for the stringency, sys- tematicness and scientificity of its vocabulary entries. The Daily was compiled by Mr. He Rong first and then became the New which was published in the Chinese Daily Press Section. The New has been becoming an influential reference book on modem Chinese. According to comparison between the Modem Chinese Dictionary and the New, this paper analyses the technical problems in the as- pects of the entry words, separation of meanings, paraphrase and compilation. Its goal is to make readers have a general idea on the differences of Chinese dictionary compilation between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits and to give references on Chinese dictionary compilation of the same style ones in Chinese communities.