基于语料库的汉语动词句法配价历时研究

A Study on the Evolution of the Verbal Syntactic Valence Based on Corpus

本文旨在从历时的角度研究动词句法配价的演变历程,构建了古文言、古白话、现代白话三种形式的语料库,选取了十个主要动词作为研究对象,给出了例句选取和分析的方法,对这些动词的补足语和说明语进行了统计与分析。结果表明,自然情况下,汉语的语法是采用渐变的方式演化的,汉语经过古文言、古白话和现代白话三种形式,句法结构出现复杂化的趋势。还发现古文言和古白话在句子结构上更为相近,汉语从古白话转化到现代白话后,句子的复杂程度明显提高。

The paper aims at studying the evolution process of the syntactic valence of verbs. In the study, three corpuses, i.e. the corpus of ancient classical Chinese,the corpus of ancient ver- nacular and the corpus of modern vernacular, are constructed. We selected ten main verbs as the objects of the research, and suggested some methods of sample sentence selecting and analyzing. The complements and modifications of the verbs are analyzed in this paper. It reveals that Chinese grammer changes gradually. The ancient classical Chinese and the ancient vernacular are more simi- lar in sentence structures. After the transformation from the ancient vernacular to the modern vernac- ular, the complexity of Chinese sentences is increased sharply, indicating that Chinese sentence structures have changed greatly after the transformation from ancient vernacular to modern vernacu- lar.