陕西省1980-2006年气候变化时空特征研究

Temporal and spatial characteristics of climatic change from 1980 to 2006 in Shaanxi Provice

基于陕西省1980-2006年97个气象站点地面观测的降水和气温数据分析近27年陕西省气候变化的时空特征。结果表明:(1)陕西省年平均气温和降水量空间分布格局均呈随纬度增加而逐步减少,陕西省南部水热条件明显好于北部。(2)近27年来陕西省年平均气温上升趋势明显,平均每年上升0.0566℃,陕北增温幅度略高于陕南;降水量变化的线性趋势不如温度变化的线性趋势明显,但总体上以每年4.59mm的速度减小。90年代是降水量下降最剧烈的时期,2000年后有小幅回升;陕南降水量减小的幅度大于陕北。(3)陕西省气候总体上呈暖干化趋势。陕西省气候变化特征为理解西北地区乃至全国气候变化提供依据,为近一步分析其对农业生产的影响提供依据。

The temporal and spatial characteristics of air temperature and precipitation from 1980 to 2006 were analyzed according to meteorological observation annual records of 97 observation stations in Shaanxi Province.The result showed that firstly,air temperature and precipitation decreased with the latitude increasing,and hydrothermal conditions were better obviusly in the south of Shaanxi than that in the north of Shaanxi.Secondly,in recent 27 years,the mean annual temperatures were in upward trend,and increased by 0.0566℃ each year,and it increased more in northern Shaanxi than in southern Shaanxi,while the change of precipitation was in liner trend by decreasing 4.59mm each year in total,but not obviously as air temperature changed,decreased obviously in 19990s,and rised again after 2000,the decrease in southern Shaanxi was bigger than in northern Shaanxi.Lastly,the temperature was rising while the rainfall was declining in total.The inclusion can be a reference to understand the climate change of northwest of China,even the whole country of China,and also can be of help to make strategic decisions for agricultural development.