基于耦合模型的陕西省农业生态环境与经济协调发展研究

On coordination development of agricultural ecological-environment and economy in Shaanxi Province based on coupling degree model

为研究区域农业生态环境与农业经济间的协调发展,构建农业生态环境与农业经济系统的综合评价指标体系,在两个子系统综合评价的基础上,建立二者之间的耦合模型,对2008年陕西省各市农业生态环境与农业经济之间的协调发展现状进行相关研究。结果表明:陕西省各市农业生态环境系统与农业经济系统间的耦合程度均较高,但其协调程度较低,全省无一市为高度协调类型,其中陕北协调度最高,陕南最低;从耦合协调度类型来看,最好的仅为初级协调发展类,最差的为濒临协调衰退类;关中地区的西安市、宝鸡市、咸阳市、渭南市及陕北2市属环境滞后型,农业生态环境系统滞后于农业经济系统,在农业经济水平发展的过程中,自然资源被过度消耗,农业经济的发展已超过生态环境系统的承载力;其他各市均属经济滞后型,无经济环境同步发展类型。为实现农业生态环境与经济的协调发展,试提出农业可持续发展战略模式,并分为人口发展战略、农业资源利用战略、农业生态环境提升战略、生态经济友好型农业发展战略4个层次,在控制人口的基础上,资源、环境的保护与经济的增长同步发展,以建立生态经济友好型农业发展模式类型。

In order to research the coordination development relationship of agricultural ecological-environment and economy,this research tried to build the coupling degree model between the two systems.The coupling degree of each city in Shaanxi Province has been analyzed in 2008.The results indicated that all the coupling degrees in different cities were rather higher,but the coordination degrees were lower.No city belonged to the highly coordinated type.The coordination degree was the best in Shanbei region and Shannan was the worst.The best type of coupling coordinated was elementary type of coordination and the worst was the brink of depression coordination.Xian city,Baoji city,Xianyang city,Weinan city and Shanbei region were all belong to sluggish ecological-environment.The system of agricultural ecological-environment was sluggish to system of agricultural economy.From the process of the development of economy,natural resources had been over consumed and the development of the agricultural economy had already exceeded the carrying capacity of eco-environmental systems.Others belonged to sluggish economy.No city belonged to simultaneous development of economic-environment.In order to achieve simultaneous development of economic-environment,we attempted to put forth strategies for sustainable agricultural development model.It was divided into four levels of the population development strategy,agricultural resource use strategy,enhance the strategy of agricultural ecological environment,agricultural development strategy of ecological and economic-friendly.On the basis of control population,resources,environmental protection and economic growth in simultaneous development,build agricultural development strategy of ecological and economic-friendly should be built.