英语感知动词词义衍化的认知研究

A Cognitive Study of Semantic Derivation of English Perception Verbs

本文考察了来自不同感官域典型感知动词的历时语料,研究发现:1)感知动词的基本词义为感官感知义,体现人们对外部世界的感知意象;2)英语感知动词的跨域词义衍化路径为:感官感知义>心理感知义/非感知义,感官感知域中词义衍化的路径为:结果感知义>动作感知义或相反方向,结果感知义/动作感知义>系感知义;3)心理感知义、非感知义以及跨感官词义都是通过隐喻或转喻衍生自感官感知词义,感官感知词义域的内部词义间存在转喻性的认知语义关系。

Based on an analysis of the diachronic data of typical English perception verbs from different sense domains, this paper has the following major findings ： 1 ） the basic meaning of English perception verbs is the meaning of sensory perception, which reflects the perceptual image of human beings to the outside world; 2） the semantic derivation path across cognitive do- mains of English perception verbs is from sensory to mental or non-perceptual domain; the semantic derivation path within the sensory domain is from sensory meaning of result to that of action or vice versa and from sensory meaning of result or action to that of copula; 3） mentally perceptual meanings, non-perceptual meanings and meanings across senses are all metaphorically or metonymically derived from the meanings of sensory perception, and the meanings within the sensory domain are metonymically related.