从认知语言学角度看强势文化对翻译的影响

A Cognitive Analysis of the Influence of Strong Culture on Translation

翻译不仅仅是双语交际,更是一种跨文化交流;翻译一般由强势文化向弱势文化输入。在输入的过程中,由于读者及译者认知的差异,译者发挥主观能动性,不可避免地在翻译的过程中,会对作品进行一些改写:大到文化心理意识形态,小到字、词、句的改写,以此来迎合强势文化的认知认同。本文从认知语言学的角度,分析了处于弱势文化地位的《红楼梦》及《骆驼祥子》翻译到处于强势文化地位的英语,译者往往采用归化策略,对作品认知上的差异之处做出改动,以迎合满足强势文化的认知需求。

Translation is a kind of intercultural communication, more than bilingual transference. Generally, translation is an input process which operates from strong culture to weak culture. In the translation process, because of the cognitive differences of readers and translator, it is inevitable for translators to make some rewriting of works in the way of cultural ideology, word, phrase, sentence, which is to cater to the cognitive identity of strong culture. From the view of cognitive linguistics, this paper analyzes English translation of The Dream of Red Mansions and Camel Xiangzi in the status of weak culture. The translator usually adopted domestication strategy to make alterations because of the cognitive differences, which is to meet cognitive needs of strong culture.