后河自然保护区周边地区细痣疣螈资源及夏季生境选择

Population resource and habitat selection in summer of black knobby newt(Tylototriton asperrimus) in surrounding areas of Houhe National Nature Reserve,Hubei Province,China

2010年7-8月在后河国家级自然保护区及周边地区,运用样方法对细痣疣螈(Tylototriton asperrimus)的种群数量、分布及栖息生境进行了调查,并利用生境喜好系数和主成分分析法对细痣疣螈的夏季生境选择进行了分析。结果发现:细痣疣螈主要分布于与后河自然保护区毗邻的长乐坪镇及其附近区域,栖息地海拔450～1400m,分布面积约550km2;在调查的103个样方中,有18个样方共发现细痣疣螈68条,种群数量较少;通过生境偏好系数分析发现,细痣疣螈偏好选择的微生境为:距小型静水塘(水体面积≤20m2)51～100m、距居民点101～500m、距农田≤50m、距道路≤100m、草本盖度61%～80%、草本高度21～40cm、地表湿度61%～80%、地表温度24℃～27℃的枯枝腐叶和草地生境;主成分分析表明,温度、植被、水体类型、人为干扰和食物是影响细痣疣螈夏季生境选择的主要因子。

By using sampling plot method, an investigation was conducted on the population resource and habitat selection in summer of black knobby newt （ Tylototriton asperrimus） in the Houhe National Nature Reserve and its surroundings areas in July-August 2010, and the Favorite index P and principal component analysis were used to study the micro-habitat selection in summer of T. asperrimus. T. asperrimus was mainly distributed in the Changleping Town and its nearby areas adjacent to the Reserve, 450-1400 m in altitude and about 550 km2 in size. A total of 68 T. asperrimus individuals were collected in 18 of 103 investigated plots, suggesting that there existed a few T. asperrimus populations. Favorite index P analysis indicated that the favorite micro-habitats of T. asperrimus were the grasslands with litters, which were 51-100 m away from the stagnant pounds with a size of ≤20 m2, 61%-80% coverage, 21-40 cm vegetation height, 61%-80% surface humidity, 24 ℃-27 ℃ surface temperature, ≤50 m away from farmlands, ≤ 100 m away from roads, and 101-500 m away from settlements. Principal component analysis indicated that surface temperature, vegetation, water body type, human disturbance, and food were the key factors contributing to the micro-habitat selection in summer by T. asperrimus.