神农架川金丝猴冬春季节取食影响因素

Factors affecting the foraging of Rhinopithecus roxellana in Shennongjia Nature Reserve in winter and spring

以样方调查法和粪便显微组织学分析法确定了冬春季神农架地区川金丝猴的食物组成,分析了主要食源植物的营养成分,探讨了影响川金丝猴冬春季节取食的主要因素。结果表明:在冬季,川金丝猴食物组成与食源植物的粗灰分含量(r=0.709,P=0.015)呈正相关,而与食源植物的相对丰富度(r=0.543,P=0.084)、粗蛋白含量(r=0.036,P=0.916)、粗纤维含量(r=0.458,P=0.156)、粗脂肪含量(r=0.445,P=0.170)、含水量(r=-0.099,P=0.771)和无氮浸出物含量(r=-0.522,P=0.100)均不相关;在春季,与食源植物的相对丰富度(r=0.721,P=0.000)呈正相关,与含水量(r=0.114,P=0.507)、粗脂肪含量(r=0.151,P=0.380)、无氮浸出物含量(r=0.084,P=0.625)、粗蛋白含量(r=-0.275,P=0.105)、粗纤维含量(r=-0.010,P=0.956)和粗灰分含量(r=-0.178,P=0.299)不相关。主成分分析表明,食源植物的粗纤维(0.992)、粗脂肪(0.944)、粗蛋白(0.905)和食物丰富度(0.885)为川金丝猴冬季取食的主要影响因子,粗蛋白(0.946)、无氮浸出物(0.939)、含水量(0.920)和食物丰富度(0.898)为川金丝猴春季取食的主要影响因子。

Through quadrat investigation and feces micro-histological analysis, this paper studied the food composition of Rhinopithecus roxellana in Qianjiaping of Shennongjia Nature Reserve in winter and spring, and analyzed the nutritional components of main food plants, aimed to approach the main factors affecting the foraging of R. roxellana in the two seasons. In winter, the food composition of R. roxellana had positive correlation with the crude ash content of food plants （ r = 0. 709, P = 0. 015 ） , but no correlations with the relative abundance （ r = 0. 543, P = 0. 084）, crude protein content （r=0. 036, P=0. 916）, crude fiber content （r=0.458, P= 0. 156）, ether extract content （r=0. 445, P=0. 170）, water content （r=-0. 099, P=0. 771 ）, and nitrogen-free extract content （ r = -0. 522, P = 0. 100 ） of the plants. In spring, the food composition had positive correlation with food plants relative abundance （r = 0. 721, P = 0. 000）, but no correlation with their water content （ r = 0. 114, P = 0. 507 ）, ether extract content （ r = 0. 151, P = 0.380 ）, nitrogen-free extract content （ r = 0. 084, P = 0. 625 ）, crude protein content （r=-0. 275, P= 0. 105 ）, crude fiber content （r=-0. 010, P=0. 956）, and crude ash content （r=-0. 178, P=0. 299）. Principal component analysis indicated that the main factors affecting R. roxellana foraging in winter were crude fiber （0. 992）. ether extract （0. 944）. crude protein （0. 905 ）, and food abundance （0. 885 ）, whereas those in spring were crude protein （0. 946）, nitrogen-free extract （0. 939） , water content （0. 920） , and food abundance （0. 898）.