生物油水溶性组分重整制氢研究进展及关键问题分析

Overview on Hydrogen Production by Upgrading of Water Soluble Fractions in Bio-Oil

随着全球化石燃料枯竭和气候变暖加剧,H2作为一种洁净能源载体备受关注。生物质热解工艺制取的生物油具有易于储运、可再生、CO2零排放等特征,可作为一种潜在的制氢原料。笔者对生物油水溶性组分提质制取H2的水蒸气重整、自热氧化重整、水相催化重整3种制氢技术进行了综述,分析了各工艺的反应机理、研究现状及关键科学问题,指出了各种方法的特点、优势与不足及改进方法。针对生物油利用过程中的瓶颈问题,简要展望了生物油水溶性组分提质制取H2的研究重点。

With the fossil fuel depletion increasing and global warming,hydrogen has attracted much attention as a clean energy carrier.Bio-oil,a mixture of organic oxygenates that derived from biomass pyrolysis process,has many virtues,such as easy to store and transport,renewable and CO2 neutral,which makes it being a potential feedstock for hydrogen production.In this paper the present status of hydrogen production from water soluble fractions in bio-oil,such as steam reforming,auto-thermal reforming and aqueous-phase reforming are critically reviewed,issues on mechanism of hydrogen production,state-of-the-art,key scientific and technical problems of the three above mentioned processes are analyzed.Besides,the characteristics,advantages and also disadvantages of the three processes in terms of industrial applications as well as their potential solutions are also presented.Further,for the purpose of solving the long-standing bottleneck problems on industrial applications of bio-oil,several research items to be urgently dealt with in the near future involved with hydrogen production from bio-oil are finally pointed out briefly.