无标记基因抗虫水稻外源基因向常规栽培水稻漂移研究

Study on Frequency of Foreign Gene Flow from Insect-resistance Transgenic Rice without Label Gene to Conventional Rice Varieties

本试验以抗虫转基因水稻华恢1号为研究对象,将几种非转基因常规栽培水稻种植在其周围,按不同距离收集F1代非转基因水稻种子。采用PCR技术对各点收集的水稻种子进行转基因杂种鉴定,统计并分析抗虫转基因水稻中外源基因向非转基因常规栽培水稻漂移的频率。结果表明:外源Bt基因向P13381和春江063水稻平均漂移频率皆为零。而抗虫转基因水稻华恢1号与非转基因水稻合系22-2、天香、明恢63、P1157几个品种不同程度地发生了转基因漂移,平均漂移频率最高为0.875%,并且漂移频率随着距离加大而逐渐降低,而在7 m以外的所有采样点平均转基因漂移频率为零。该研究表明抗虫水稻华恢1号外源基因的基因漂移频率非常低,其对生态环境的潜在风险很小,通过田间合理布局进行物理隔离,保持合适距离,以及科学安排农时,错开花期等方式,能有效控制转基因水稻外源基因漂移和降低因转基因逃逸带来生态风险。

In this experiment,the genetically modified rice HUAHUI-1 was used as the samples which was surround by several non-transgenic rice.The F1 seeds of non-transgenic rice were collected according to different distance from the HUAHUI-1, and the hybrid seedlings with foreign Bt gene were identified by using PCR technique, then the frequency of gene flow from insect-resistance transgenic rice to conventional rice varieties at each sampling site was count and analyzed.The results showed that the frequency of Bt gene flow to P13381 and CHUNJIANG063 were zero.And the foreign Bt gene would flowed more or less to the HEXI22-2,TIANXIANG,MINGHUI63 and P1157.The mean values of frequency were no more than 0.875 %,and it dropped gradually with the distance increasing until it were zero at sampling point 7 m far away.In sum,the probability of the Bt gene of insect-resistant rice HUAHUI-1 flowing away was evidently small,and it had less risk for the ecological environment. Rational field arrangement and suitable distance for physical segregation and scientific farming planning to avoid flowering at the same time would be useful measure to prevent the foreign gene of transgenic rice flowing away and lower the ecological risks because of foreign gene escaping from genetically modified rice.