降低爆破烟尘的降尘剂配方的实验研究

Research on optimal formula of dustfall agent to remove blasting smoke

针对爆破烟尘的成分,采用了多种基料和表面活性剂来降低烟尘中的粉尘成分,同时还采用了相应的添加剂来降低爆破时所产生的有毒有害气体的含量。以润湿高度和表面张力为实验指标,运用对比实验的方法确定最佳基料和表面活性剂,并且研究添加剂对其性能的影响。实验结果表明:氯化钠为最佳基料,十二烷基苯磺酸钠为最佳表面活性剂,作为添加剂的硫酸铜和氯化铵对表面活性剂和基料的性能几乎没有影响。因此,爆破时在水袋中添加此降尘剂会有效地降低烟尘浓度。

The experiment adopted a number of base materials and surface-active agents to reduce the dust in smoke.Besides,corresponding additives were adopted to reduce poisonous and harmful gases during the blasting.Experiments focused on wettability and surface tension,using contrast experiment to determine optimal base material and surface-active agent,and also studied the influence of additives on their performance.The experimental results show that sodium chloride is the optimal base material,sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is the optimal surface-active agent,and copper sulphate and ammonium chloride as additives have almost no influence on performance of surface-active agent and base material.Therefore,adding this dustfall agent to the water bag during the blasting can effectively reduce the smoke concentration.