眼科门诊干眼患病率的初步调查和健康指导

Preliminary investigation of dry eye prevalence in ophthalmic clinic and health guidance

目的:了解我院眼科门诊患者中干眼患者的患病情况,分析其影响因素,制定有针对性的健康指导措施。方法:对我院眼科门诊就诊的部分20岁以上患者392例(男性180例,女性212例)进行询问式调查、干眼检查[包括裂隙灯检查、泪液分泌试验I(SchirmerI)、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)测定]以确定诊断并分析其影响因素。结果:选取患者392例,其中干眼患者52例(13.3%),男性17例(4.3%),女性35例(8.9%)。其中20～39岁2例(0.5%),40～59岁27例(6.9%),≥60岁23例(5.9%)。环境因素影响者为34例(65.4%),全身疾病及用药患者18例(34.6%),眼部疾病及用药患者20例(38.5%),无明显诱因者6例(11.5%),同时存在2种及以上上述因素患者22例(42.3%)。结论:干眼发病年龄有下降趋势,发病因素有年龄、性别、全身疾病及用药、眼部疾病及用药、工作及生活环境等方面。应根据导致干眼的不同因素给予相应的健康指导,以减少干眼的发生及控制干眼症状。

AIM：To learn dry eye prevalence in ophthalmic clinic patients,analyze the influencing factors of dry eye and give the appropriate health guidance.METHODS：Totally 392 cases（180 male cases,212 female cases）in ophthalmic clinic over the age of 20 were given inquiry-style investigations,dry eye examination [including slit lamp examination,SchirmerⅠtest（SⅠt）,break-up time（BUT）] to confirm the diagnosis and analyze the influencing factors of dry eye.RESULTS：The prevalence of dry eye was 13.27% with 4.3% of male,8.9% of female.The prevalence of 20 to 39 years old,40 to 59 years old,≥60 years old was 0.5%,6.9%,5.9%（respectively）.Younger than 60 years old group had 29 patients（55.8%）.There were 34 cases（65.4%） of environmental factors influence,18 cases（34.6%） of systemic diseases and medication,20 cases（38.5%） of eye diseases and medication and 6 cases（11.5%） of no obvious incentive.22 cases（42.3%）coexisted with two or more of these factors.CONCLUSION：Dry eye have downward trend in age of onset,risky factors are age,gender,systemic diseases and medication,eye diseases and medication,working and living environment and so on.We should base on different factors leading to dry eye to give the appropriate health guidance to reduce the occurrence of dry eye and control the symptoms of dry eye.