上海市某医院孕妇口腔保健知识、态度与行为调查分析

A survey about knowledge,attitude,practice of oral health in pregnant women of one hospital in Shanghai municipality

目的:了解上海市某医院孕妇口腔保健相关知识、态度、行为(knowledge,attitude,practice,简称KAP)现状,并分析其影响因素。方法:采用问卷调查方法,对2009年1月—2010年6月在上海市某医院定期产前检查的怀孕16～34周的340名妇女进行随机现场问卷调查。应用SPSS13.0软件包对问卷数据进行频度描述、相关分析、多因素线性回归分析、F检验、t检验等。结果:所调查孕妇口腔保健相关KAP水平较低,总合格率为44.62%;孕妇对待口腔保健普遍态度积极;在口腔保健行为方面,仅29.85%的孕妇怀孕前曾进行口腔检查,39.08%的孕妇产后不准备刷牙,或仅仅漱口;孕妇口腔保健知识、态度、行为间有正相关性;知识与态度、知识与行为、态度与行为之间的相关系数分别为0.255、0.328和0.214(P<0.05);孕妇口腔卫生知识、态度、行为水平主要受孕妇文化程度、职业及丈夫职业的影响,其标准偏相关系数分别为1.109、0.975和0.453(P<0.05);孕妇获取口腔保健知识的主要途径依次是大众传媒、医务人员指导和亲戚朋友经验交流。结论:上海市某医院孕妇的口腔保健知识缺乏,口腔保健行为不正确,应加强对孕妇口腔保健知识的宣传教育和口腔保健行为的指导。

PURPOSE： To investigate the status of oral health knowledge,attitude and practice（KAP） and related influencing factors among the pregnant women in a certain hospital in Shanghai municipality.METHODS： A questionnaire survey was conducted among 340 pregnant women in a hospital in Shanghai municipality from January 2009 to June 2010.Data of the survey was analyzed by SPSS 13.0 software package,including frequency description,correlation analysis,multivariate linear regression analysis,F analysis and Student＇s t test.RESULTS： Most pregnant women had a positive attitude towards oral health.However,only 44.62% of the subjects had adequate knowledge on oral health and correct oral health caring behavior.The ratio of the subjects who had oral examination before getting pregnant was 29.85%,while 39.08% of the pregnant women didn＇t plan to brush teeth or just gargle after parturition.A positive correlation was found among knowledge level,attitude and practice of oral health.The related coefficient between knowledgee and attitude,knowledge and practice,attitude and practice was 0.255,0.328 and 0.214（P0.05）,respectively;The KAP level of oral health was mainly affected by the level of education and occupation of the subjects,and occupation of their mates,with partial correlation coefficient of 1.109,0.975 and 0.453（P0.05）,respectively.The main source of the pregnant women getting oral health knowledge successively was mass media,guidance of medical staff and experience of their relatives and friends.CONCLUSIONS：The pregnant women are deficient in oral health knowledge and have incorrect oral health caring behavior.Guidance on oral health knowledge and oral health caring behavior should be implemented.