摘要
目的:调查分析0~6岁农村儿童智力发育的现状。方法:随机对1124名0~6岁农村儿童进行入户调查,采用丹佛发育筛查量表(DDST)对应人能、细动作应物能、言语能、运动能四个能区逐项测试,对结果异常或者可疑者询问母亲文化程度及孕期情况、儿童身体状况及受教育方式。结果:1124例接受调查儿童中,116例(10.32%)DDST测试异常,确证智力低下(MR)7例(0.623%)。其中,1~6月儿童1例(0.8%),-12月16例(13.79%),-2岁25例(21.55%),-3岁22例(18.97%),-4岁21例(18.10%),-5岁18例(15.79%),-6岁13例(11.21%)。曾患新生儿疾病42例(36.21%)、早产18例(15.52%)、低体重15例(12.93%)、营养性疾病13例(12.21%)、神经系统疾病9例(7.76%)、外伤17例(14.66%)、先天性疾病2例(1.72%)。母亲文化程度:高中32例(27.59%)、初中72例(62.07%)、小学12例(10.34%)。孕期情况:母亲妊娠高血压综合征(简称妊高征)或其他疾病23例(19.83%)、怀孕早期患病(感冒或其他情况)服药史16例(13.79%),有妊娠反应但无明显其他异常77例(66.38%)。托幼及学龄前教育40例(34.48%)、教育缺失76例(65.52%)。结论:DDST筛查能早期发现0~6岁儿童智力发育障碍,以便早期针对性干预,从而减少儿童精神发育迟滞的发生。
Objective:To investigate the mental development situation of 0-6 year-old rural children by Denver Developmental Screening Test(DDST).Methods:Randomly survey 1124 rural children by DDST and inquire their mothers' situation of culture and pregnancy.Results:116(10.32%) cases were abnormal and 7(0.623%) cases were mental retardation.Conclusion:It's recommendable to screen 0-6 year-old rural children by DDST to intervene the incidence of suspected mental retardation earlier.