北京市通州区农民健康状况及健康教育需求调查

Survey on health status and needs for health education among rural residents in Tongzhou District,Beijing

目的为掌握北京市通州区农民健康状况和健康教育需求,为在农村开展有效的健康教育干预提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,抽取通州区3个乡镇作为调查乡镇,共调查540名在当地行政区域内连续居住6个月以上且≥15岁的常住居民。结果有26.4%的被调查对象患有一种疾病,近3个月出现各种身体不适症状的占23.7%;呼吸道传染病、肠道传染病知晓率分别为95.2%、89.0%,高于慢性病知晓率(P<0.05);实际获取健康知识的主要途径是电视、健康大课堂,分别为76.1%、51.6%。合理膳食知识需求为80.3%,是农民的首要需求。结论下一步的重点工作是,开展健康干预,促进健康知识转化为健康行动。

Objective To know health status and needs for health education among rural residents in Tongzhou district,Beijing to provide basis for effective health education intervention in rural areas.Methods A total of 540 permanent residents aged 15 years or older and living in rural areas continuously for more than six months were recruited for the study from three towns or townships of Tongzhou.Results One hundred and thirty-seven（26.4 %） residents studied suffered at least one kind of varied diseases,and 128 of them（23.7%） had varied symptoms in the past three months.Their awareness of knowledge about communicable respiratory and enteric diseases was 95.2 percent and 89.0 percent,respectively,significantly higher than that for knowledge about chronic diseases（P〈0.05）.The main ways of their access to health information included television watching and health classrooms,accounting for 76.1 percent and 51.6 percent,respectively.Their primary needs for health knowledge was reasonable diet,accounting for 80.3 percent.Conclusions Next focus in health education in rural areas is to carry out health intervention to translate their health knowledge into health actions.