国外天然气能量计量与计价综述

A Summarize of Foreign Natural Gas Energy Measurement and Pricing

天然气能量计量与计价已成为目前国际上最流行的天然气贸易和消费计量与结算方式。对国外天然气能量计量进展情况进行了概述,对国外天然气能量计价方式和能量价格现状进行了归纳与分析。国外的天然气能量计量技术成熟,计量标准和方法完善。全球LNG国际贸易全部采用能量计量计价的方式交易,单位普遍采用美元/MMBtu;管道气的国际贸易也直接或间接地采用能量计量计价的方式。各国的天然气交易除前苏联、东欧和中国外,虽在计量单位上有所差异,但大多数国家均采用能量计量计价方式进行交易,包括天然气管道输送和终端消费也同样采用能量计量计价。

Natural gas energy measurement and pricing has become the most popular measurement and settlement method on natural gas trade and consumption. With mature energy measurement technology and perfect measurement standards and methods, natural gas energy measurement has been applied widely in foreign natural gas industry. Firstly, energy measurement pricing is the only pricing mode adopted by international LNG trade, with $/MMBtu as the price unit. Secondly, energy measurement pricing is also directly or indirectly used for pipeline gas pricing. Additionally, energy measurement pricing is widely used in national gas trade of almost all countries except FSU and Eastern Europe countries and China around the world even if different countries adopt different price unit. the measuring unit, but they differ in most countries are used for measuring energy trading way, including valuation gas pipeline transportation and terminal consumer also used for measuring energy acquisition.