3Chavkin, Allan. Bellow and English Romanticism [ A ]. In Eberhard Alsen ( ed. ). Saul Bellow in the 1980s: A Collection of Critical Essay[ C ]. New York: Garland Publishing,Inc. , 1989. 114.
4Michael K. Glenday. Saul Bellow and the Decline of Humanism [M]. London: Macmillan Press, 1990. 3.
5Roudane, Matthew C. An Interview with Saul Bellow [J].Contemporary Literature, 1974, (25): 270.
6.Bellow,Saul.Seize the Day[Z].New York:Penguin Books,1996.(以下出自本书的引文,均在文中注明页码)[Z].,..
8Nesher, Hana Wirth. Who's He When He's at Home.?Saul Bellow's Translations [ A ]. In Michael P Kramer (ed.). New Essays on Seize the Day[ C ]. New York: Columbia University Press, 1998. 35.
9Maritain, Jacques. True Humanism [M]. trans. by M.R.Adamson, London: 1938, xii.
10Trilling, Lionel. The Two Environments [ J ]. Encounter,1965, (25) :12.
