国外矿山开采沉陷预计技术研究及应用概述

Overview of research and application on prediction technology of foreign mining subsidence

地表移动和变形的预计是根据已知的地质和开采条件,在矿山开采之前对地表可能产生的移动和变形进行估算,准确的预计对尽量减少开采过程中由采动造成的地表损害具有重要意义。简要介绍了一些国外关于地表沉陷预计的方法及其优缺点,并通过两个实例进行了比较。通过对不同方法的思路及使用的数学模型进行初步的探讨与分析,得出各方法在开采沉陷预计中的优缺点,并对矿山沉陷预计方法的发展提出了建议。

The prediction of surface movement and deformation is to estimate the mo vement and deformation before mining based on known geological and mining condit ions.The accuracy of prediction is very important to minimize the surface damage ca used by mining.In this paper some methods on the surfac e subsidence prediction of the foreign countriesand their advantages and disadvantages were prifly introduced,and they was compared by two examples.Through preliminary discussion and analysis on these diff erent methods and mathematical models,the advantages and disadvant ages of mining subsidence prediction were obtained.