早产儿喂养不耐受的相关因素分析

Analysis of risk factors in premature infants with feeding intolerance

目的:探讨早产儿喂养不耐受的相关因素,为降低不耐受发生率提前采取措施。方法:对134例早产儿的喂养不耐受发生率进行统计,并对性别、孕产史、胎龄等19项因素与喂养耐受情况作回归分析,找出喂养不耐受的危险因素。结果:早产儿喂养不耐受发生率为47.8%;出生体重BW>2500g、2000g<BW≤2500、1500g<BW≤2000g、BW≤1500g者喂养不耐受发生率分别为10.7%、25.6%、64.9%、90.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);胎龄GA>34周、32周<GA≤34周、GA≤32周者喂养不耐受发生率分别为24.7%、57.7%、88.6%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);Apgar评分≥8分、4～7分、≤3分者喂养不耐受发生率分别为32.8%、57.1%、100%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);开奶时间延迟、胎龄小、体重低是早产儿喂养不耐受的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:早产儿喂养不耐受与多因素相关,宜采用早开奶、尽量提高婴儿出生胎龄及体重、减少缺氧窒息等措施降低喂养不耐受的发生率。

Objective：To investigate the influence factors of feeding intolerance in premature infants. Method：The incidence of feeding intolerance in 134 premature infants were observed.Logistic analysis between feeding intolerance and 19 factors including gender,pregnancy-gravidity history,gestational age and so on were performed. Result：The incidence of feeding intolerance in premature infants was 47.8%;the incidences in infants whose birth weight（BW） 2500 g,2000 gBW≤2500,1500 gBW≤2000 g,BW≤1500 g were10.7%、25.6%、64.9%、90.0%,there was significant difference（P0.01）;the incidences in infants whose gestational age（GA） 34 w,32 wGA≤34 w、and GA≤32 w were 24.7%、57.7%、88.6%,there was significant difference（P0.01）;the incidences in infants whose Apgar Score ≥8＇、4＇～7＇、≤3＇ were 32.8%、57.1%、100%,there was significant difference（P0.01） . Feeding-beginning time delay,small gestational age and low birth weight were risk factors associated with feeding intolerance（P0.05） . Conclusion：Feeding intolerance in premature infants associated with multiple factors,it should be adopted to begin feeding early,improve birth weight and gestational age,avoid asphysia to reduce the incidence of feeding intolerance.