水土流失治理背景下小流域泥沙来源初探——以皇甫川流域西五色浪沟小流域为例

Preliminary study on sediment sources of watershed under control of water loss and soil erosion:Taking Xiwuselanggou Watershed of Huangfuchuan Basin as the example

以皇甫川流域西五色浪沟小流域为研究区,以高分辨率遥感影像为信息源,通过GIS技术,提取小流域沟缘线,将小流域分为沟谷地、沟间地2大地貌类型。基于沟蚀和面蚀及其影响因子切割裂度、水土保持措施及土地利用方式、坡度、植被覆盖度等数量和分布以及通过项目布设的雨量站、把口站和径流场观测资料2种方法对在水土流失治理背景下小流域泥沙来源进行比较。结果表明,2种方法均显示,西五色浪沟小流域泥沙主要来源于沟谷地,沟谷地土壤侵蚀量约占流域侵蚀量的73%,是沟间地侵蚀量的2.73倍。

Based on the high-resolution images obtained from remote sensing,this study were conducted in Xiwuselanggou Watershed of Huangfuchuan Basin.GIS technology was applied to determine the upper edge line of the watershed.The watershed was divided into two relief types,i.e.the gully area and the inter-rill land.Sediment sources of the watershed,where control of water and soil loss is ongoing,were compared by two aspects.The first aspect was according to the amount and distribution of local gully erosion and surface erosion,and their influential factors including cutting intensity,as well as water and soil conservation measures and land use mode,gradient,and vegetation coverage,etc.;the second aspect was based on the observation data of the rainfall stations,port stations,and runoff plots distribution in the watershed.Both the two aspects showed that local sediment was mainly produced from the gully area,and soil erosion amount of the gully area was 2.73 times as much as that of the inter-rill land,making up about 73% of the total erosion amount in the watershed.