王国维与冯友兰境界说之比较

The contrast of realm of Wang guowei and Feng Youlan

王国维的境界说对其后的新儒家多有影响,从内容上看,其中对冯友兰的境界说的影响尤为明显。二者皆认为境界有不同的层次和阶段,并且都是人的认识能力在不同阶段的反映,本于宇宙人生,同时都分境界为有我和无我之境;但前者分之为三,后者分之为四并作了提要性的命名,在运用领域方面,王国维主要着眼于诗词,冯友兰则以之通观中国哲学史,两人对待境界说的实践也不同,王国维把它当成一种生命实践,冯友兰则不认为它是一种学术性的认识。从二者境界说的异同可以看出一种理论观念的继承和嬗变过程。

Wang guowei＇s realm produced many effects to subsequent Neo-confucian,especially to Feng Youlan.They all think the realm have the different levels and stage,also is the response of the human cognitive ability at the different stage,meanwhile,is discriminated the realm of Ego and the realm of Egolessness.But the former discriminate it three aspects,the latter point for four aspects.In application field,Wang guowei＇s main focus on the poetry,Feng Youlan looked at the whole Chinese philosophy history.In practice side,Wang guowei take it as life practice,Feng Youlan don＇t think it is academic knowledge.Both the similarities and differences between the borders,we can find out a theory of the concept the inheritance and transmutation process.