从“门罗主义”到“门户开放”——浅析19世纪美国对外政策的全球扩张性

From the "Monroe Doctrine" to "Open-door" Policy——An Analysis of American Foreign Policy of 19th Century

自建国以来,在逐步摆脱追随于欧洲之后的进程中,美国对外政策中的全球扩张性也日渐显现。传统认为,"门罗主义"是美国为独霸美洲大陆而提出的,而"门户开放"政策则是美国作为姗姗来迟者为了在侵华上分得一杯羹而炮制的。文章则以"门罗主义"与"门户开放"政策为切入点,通过对19世纪美国对外政策的分析,指出美国对外政策中始终贯穿着全球扩张的影子,以期能对该时期美国对外政策有新的认识。

Since 1776, global expansion of USA has been more and more evident. Traditionally, ＂Monroe Doctrine ＂ was put forward by USA just for the whole America and ＂the Open-door＂ policy just for China. On the basis of these two lines, this paper essays to make an analysis of the foreign policies by USA and then point out that there exists a shadow of global expansion in the American foreign policies, hoping that we can have a new understanding of the foreign policies by USA.