也谈道德应当与伦理规范

On Moral Obligations and Ethical Norms

从杨国荣论道德规范的观点出发,试图进一步对道德规范的形而上学根据问题提出自己的看法。通过对中外哲学史上的"道德困境"以及与日常语言中关于"应当"的四种基本用法进行批判性思考,可以帮助我们认识到,"道德应当"的本质也许首先不在于设立绝对标准进行评判裁决,而是在活生生的历史情境和进程中,在人心感动和德行示范的基础上,对作为道德德性而传承下来的"道德本分"进行不断地激活、充实、改善与化育。

Starting from a critical discussion of Yang Guorong’s position on the metaphysical grounding of morals, this essay argues that the nature of moral ought should not be seen from establishment of an universal standard in assessment of our moral actions, it consists rather first in a living and historical building and culturing of moral virtues which rise from affectivity of our moral hearts and through the way of learning of moral models.