文明野蛮话语在清末媒体上的表达与传播——以《大公报》为中心的观察

Expression and Dissemination of Civilized and Savage Words in the Media of Late Qing Dynasty——Survey focusing on Ta Kung Pao

文明野蛮话语随着天演进化思想的传播与种族话语的流行而弥漫于清末媒体。接受了文明野蛮之辨的国人,以此作为点评世事和褒贬人物的准则,并自居于野蛮,其目的在于激励国人学习西方、追求进步以达于文明境地。一旦"野蛮"称呼损害到民族利益,则会激起国人强烈反弹,这又反证了国人对于文明野蛮话语及其背后种族政治的认同。

The civilized and savage words suffused the media in late Qing dynasty with the dissemination of the evolution theory at that time.The Chinese people who accepted the two kinds of words made them a norm measuring the current events and people,attempting to encourage their fellow countrymen to learn from the West to become civilized.However,once the nationality was described as 'savage',Chinese people strongly opposed it.This reflected the identification of Chinese people on the civilized and savage words and the nationalistic politics.