脊髓损伤患者配偶的生活质量及其影响因素的研究

Factors influencing the quality of life of spouses of spinal cord injury patients

目的了解脊髓损伤患者配偶的生活质量（QOL）及其影响因素。方法将脊髓损伤患者的配偶68人设为观察组，同期选取与观察组性别、年龄、职业及文化程度相匹配，且无重大急慢性疾病的已婚健康受试者70人设为对照组。采用问卷调查表对其生活质量进行调查，比较2组受试者的生活质量并探究影响观察组生活质量的因素。结果观察组的总生活质量（3．22±0．37）分、生理机能（60．57±14．22）分、心理状态（60．09±8．06）分、社会关系（63．37±8．10）分和生活环境（66．86±11．26）分；与对照组[分别为（4．62±0．75）分、（82．48±10．92）分、（86．02±8．75）分、（85．94±10．13）分、（83．23±9．54）分]比较，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。脊髓损伤患者配偶的生活质量与患者脊髓损伤的类型、损伤部位、费用支付类型及配偶自身的性别、文化程度、职业等密切相关（P〈0．05）。结论脊髓损伤患者配偶的生活质量显著低于正常人群，且与患者脊髓损伤的类型、损伤部位、费用支付类型以及配偶自身的性别、文化程度、职业等密切相关。

Objective To explore quality of life （QOL） of spouses of spinal cord injury patients, as well as its influencing factors. Methods Sixty-eight spouses of spinal cord injury patients were recruited as an observation group. At the same time, another 70 healthy married people who had no serious chronic diseases in the family but were matched in gender, age, occupation and education were chosen as a control group. The QOL of all the subjects in both groups was investigated by way of a questionnaire survey. The results of both groups were compared and factors that influenced their QOL were explored. Results The QOL of spouses of spinal cord injury patients, including total QOL （ 3.22 ± 0.37） , physiological function （60.57 ± 14.22） , psychological state （60.09 ± 8.06） , social relations （63.37 ± 8. 10） and the living environment （66. 86 ±11. 26） were significantly lower than in the control group （4.62±0.75; 82.48±10.92; 86.02±8.75; 85.94±10.13 and 83.23 ±9.54, respectively）. The QOLof spouses of spinal cord injury patients was closely related to the patient＇s injury type, injury position, the treatment protocol, as well as their own gender, vocation and education. Conclusion The QOL of spouses of spinal cord injury patients is significantly lower than that of normal people, and closely related with the patients＇ injury type, injury position and treatment, as well as their own gender,vocation and education.