有害赤潮对近岸捕捞及观光旅游业直接灾害经济损失评估

Assessment of direct economic loss of inshore fishing and tourism caused by harmful algal blooms

以广东省珠海市2009年10—11月双胞旋沟藻赤潮期的现场调查数据为基础,研究了赤潮灾害发生期近岸捕捞及旅游观光业直接经济损失的构成,并依据在该海域从事生产活动船只吨位的大小及经营的方式,分别构建了赤潮灾害对近岸捕捞及观光旅游业直接经济损失的评估模式。评估结果显示,这次赤潮造成以近岸捕捞为主的小型船只直接经济损失约为54万元,以旅游观光兼捕捞的中型船只直接经济损失约101万元,以捕捞为主的大型船只直接经济损失约61万元,上述经济损失合计约216万元。本文建立的评估方法填补了我国在有害赤潮对近岸捕捞及观光旅游业直接灾害经济损失精确评估的空白,对近海其它海洋灾害经济损失的评估也具有参考意义。

The economic impacts of the harmful algal blooms（HABs）primarily include the impacts to inshore agriculture and fishing,tourism,ecosystem and human health.An accurate assessment system of direct economic loss of inshore fishing and tourism caused by HABs was established for the Chinese coastal areas.Based on the field investigation of Cochlodinium geminatum HABs that occurred in Zhuhai coast of Guangdong Province during October and November 2009,the present study focused on the direct economic loss structure of inshore fishing and tourism.According to the size of local boat and their management,new evaluation systems were established for inshore fishing loss and tourism loss,respectively.The results showed that direct economic loss of small size boat,which mostly was engaged in inshore fishing,reached $540 000.The loss of middle size boat,which was mainly used by inshore fishing and tourism,reached $1 010 000,whereas big size boat,working on inshore fishing,reached about $610 000.Total direct economic loss caused by the above red tide was about $2.16 million.The economic loss assessment system can be used as the theoretic reference for other marine disasters that occurred in China.