汉族人3915例特应性皮炎患者的临床特征分析

The clinical features of atopic dermatitis:a study of 3 915 patients from Chinese Han population

目的研究我国汉族人特应性皮炎(AD)患者流行病学特点和临床特征。方法 3 915例AD患者均符合Hani-fin-Rajka诊断标准。采用SPSS 10.0软件分析3 915例AD患者性别、早发组(发病年龄<2岁)和晚发组(发病年龄≥2岁)临床特征方面的差异。结果 84.6%的患者于出生后2年内发病,且早发组中男性较女性多。家族特应性病史阳性2 778(71%)例,"单纯型"AD 2 267(57.9%)例,"混合型"AD 1 684(42.1%)例,且早发组哮喘、过敏性鼻炎发生率较低(P<0.01)。84%的患者病情为轻到中度,本研究显示男性病情比女性重(P<0.05)。依据Hanifin-Rajka诊断标准,早发组和晚发组中苍白脸/面部皮炎、眶周黑晕、鱼鳞病/毛周角化/掌纹症等13项次要体征的发生率差异有显著性;男女组中早年发病、鱼鳞病/毛周角化/掌纹症、Dennie-Morgan眶下皱褶等11项次要体征的发生率差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论 AD患者发病的流行病学特征、疾病严重程度及Hanifin-Rajka诊断标准中的部分次要体征在不同性别组及不同发病年龄组均存在统计学差异,为我国汉族AD患者的诊断提供了依据。

Objective To study the clinical and epidemiological profiles of Chinese Han patients with atopic dermatitis（AD）.Methods Total 3 915 AD patients who met Hanifin-Rajka diagnostic criteria were enrolled in this survey.Differences of clinical and epidemiological profiles were evaluated in relation to ages of onset and gender with SPSS 10.0.Results 3 313（84.6%） patients started AD before 2 years old,and more males were affected in early AD group.A positive family history of atopy was seen in 2 778 patients（71%）.‘Pure＇AD was noted in 2 267（57.9%）,and 1 648（42.1%） suffered from a ‘mixed＇type.This survey indicated the prevalence rates of asthma and allergic rhinitis（AR） were lower in early AD（P0.01）.84% AD patients were mild to moderate disease,males appeared to have more severe involvement than females（P0.05）.The frequencies of 13 monor signs,which included facial erythema,orbital darkening,icthyosis/keratosis pilaris/palmer hyperlinearity were significantly different between early AD group and onset age ≥ 2 years group（P0.05）.Additionly,the frequencies of other 11 minor signs,such as early onset,icthyosis/keratosis pilaris/palmer hyperlinearity,Dennie-Morgan fold were statistical difference between males and females（P0.05）.Conclusion Differences of the severity of disease,clinical and epidemiological profiles in relation to ages of onset and gender are statistical significant,which provide clues to describe Chinese Han AD patients.