新疆不同民族心脏瓣膜病流行病学调查

Current status of valvular heart diseases in Xinjiang： an epidemiological study on Han, Uygur and Kazkh ethnic populations

目的了解新疆不同民族心脏瓣膜病（VHD）流行现状。方法采用整群抽样法，对新疆乌鲁木齐市、克拉玛依市、阜康市、吐鲁番地区、和田地区、阿勒泰地区、伊犁哈萨克自治州汉、维吾尔（维）和哈萨克（哈）族35岁以上人群心血管疾病流行病学调查。结果共随机抽取汉、维和哈族人群14618名，实际完成调查人数共14478名。共检出VHD1397人，总患病率标准化后为7．67％，其中男性为7．31％，女性为8．00％，性别差异无统计学意义（Х^2=O．005，P=0．943）；汉、维、哈族VHD患病率标准化后分别为10．57％、2．36％、12．22％，维族VHD患病率明显低于哈族与汉族（Х^2=3．90，P=0．000）；不同年龄组VHD患病率随年龄增长呈升高趋势（Х^2=8．932，P=0．000）；全部VHD患者中合并高血压达63．20％、糖尿病7．60％、冠心病7．50％、房颤3．20％。结论新疆成年人VHD患病率随年龄增加呈增多趋势，且存在民族差异。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and epidemiological features of valvular heart disease （VHD） adult populations with different ethnicities in Xinjiang. Methods A total of 14 618 adults aged 35 or older were surveyed. Random sampling was employed to study valvular heart diseases in different age, gender and ethnic groups. Samples were collected from 7 localities （Urumqi, Ke lamayi, Fukang, Turfan Basin, Hetian, Altay, Yili Hazakh Autonomous Prefecture） in 23 municipalities and 5 autonomous counties in Xinjiang. The proportion of male to female accounted for 50% each. Results The overall prevalence of valvular heart diseases was 7.67% （male： 7.31% vs. female： 8.00%）. The prevalence rates of valvular heart diseases were 10.57%, 2.36% and 12.22% in Han, Uygur and Kazakh populations, respectively. The prevalence of valvular heart diseases was lower in Uygur than in Hazak and Han ethnic populations （ Х^2=3.90, P=0.000）. Complications related to valvular heart diseases would include hypertension（63.20%）,diabetes（7.60%）,coronary heart disease （7.50%） and fibrillation atrial （3.20%）. Conclusion The prevalence of valvular heart diseases had a substantial increase, parallel with age. Differences were seen on the prevelance rates of VHD among ethnic populations.