棒络新妇Nephila clavata粗毒的制备及毒理的初步研究

The Preliminary Studies on the Mechanisms of Toxicity and Preparation of Nephila clavata's Crude Toxin

目的从整体生理效应上分析推测棒络新妇粗毒对无脊椎和脊椎动物运动系统的作用情况和影响机理。方法该实验研究内容及步骤包括:棒络新妇野外捕获、毒囊剥离法制备粗毒、昆虫腹部注射毒理实验、青蛙腿部肌肉注射毒理实验和青蛙坐股神经-腓肠肌电生理实验。结果实验表明棒络新妇粗毒是一种广谱动物运动阻断性毒素,既对无脊椎动物有影响,也能使脊椎动物产生反应;它不是通过影响神经传导组织发生作用的,而是直接作用于肌细胞。结论该实验采用毒囊剥离法制备的棒络新妇粗毒更加稳定有效,其粗毒作用机理有别于毒量较大的地穴型蜘蛛和毒性较强的结网型蜘蛛。

Objective To on a whole analyze and suppose the physical effects and its mechanism of influence of Nephila clavata＇s crude toxin in the sports system of invertebrate and vertebrates.Methods This research on the contents and procedures included：capturing the spiders in wild,preparation of the crude toxin by the venom-cyst divesting method,the experiment of toxicity influence on insects by injecting in its capsule,the experiment of toxicity influence on frogs by injecting in its leg,the electricityphysical experiment of toxicity influence on the sitting-nerves-gastrocnemius of frog.Results Experiment suggests that Nephila clavata＇s crude toxin is a broad-motion-blockade poison,which it not only influence invertebrates,but also make a response to the vertebrate;its work mechanisms is not through nerve conduction tissue,but directly role in the sport cells.Conclusion This Nephila clavata＇s crude toxin prepared by the venom-cyst divesting method is more stable and effective,and its mechanisms of toxicity is different from the larger crypt spiders and the most toxic web spiders.