植物提取物对油茶主要病害的抑菌作用研究

Research of the Inhibition Effects of Plant Extracts against Major Disease of Camellia oleifera

采用生长速率法初步筛选了20种植物的水提取物对油茶软腐病菌、炭疽病菌的生物活性影响试验，结果表明：丁香、黄芩、芦荟、穿心莲、金银花的水提物对油茶炭疽病菌、软腐病菌的抑制率均可达到60％以上，其中丁香提取物的抑菌效果最好分别达到96．2％、98．2％；不同植物提取物对油茶的主要病害都有一定的预防作用，林间防治效果表明，当丁香、黄芩提取物及茶皂素的体积比为1：1：1混配时，对油茶主要病害的防治效果最好，可达80％左右，同时可以将油茶的病果率降低约60％。

Water extracts from 20 plants were selected by growth rate method for experiment on their inhibitive effect against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Agaricodochium camellia. The results showed that the inhibition rate of water extracts from Syzygium aromaticum, Scutellaria baicalensis, Aloe vera, Andrographis paniculata, Lonicerajaponica against both pathogens were more than 60%. Among them, the inhibition effects of S. aromaticum against both tested fungal topped to 96.2% and 98.2% respectively. The result demonstrated that different plant extracts have prevention effects on the main pathogens. It concluded that the volume ratio of the extracts ofS. aromaticum, S. altissima and tea saponin was 1：1：1, it＇s protection effects on C. oleifera in the field were the best （around 80%） and diseased fruit rate could decrease by 60%.