不同灌溉方式对覆膜棉田土壤温度的影响

Study on Effects of Different Irrigation Modes on Soil Temperature Dynamics of Cotton Cultivation under Mulch

为探讨不同灌溉方式(地下滴灌和膜下滴灌)对覆膜棉田地温的影响,利用曲管水银地温计和插入式地温计观测了新疆高产棉田膜下宽行、膜下窄行、膜边内侧和膜外裸地不同深度(地表下0、5、10、15、20、40、60和80cm)处地温在全生育期内的动态变化过程。试验结果表明,表层地温的变化滞后于气温的变化,滞后时间随着土壤深度的增加而延长,地表40cm以下土壤温度的日变化十分微弱,几乎不受太阳辐射日变化的影响;地下滴灌处理膜下宽行、膜下窄行、膜边内测和膜外裸地的日平均地温比膜下滴灌处理分别高出0.8、1.4、1.2和1.6℃。

In order to investigate the effects of different irrigation methods（drip irrigation under mulch and subsurface drip irrigation） on soil temperature dynamics in cotton cultination under mulch with plastic film.The soil temperatures at different point and depths during whole growth of cotton are observed with geothermometer.The results show that the variation of shallow layer soil temperatures lagging behind the variation of atmosphere temperature,the peak temperature time of soil temperature in different depth postpones with the depth increasing,the variation amplitude of soil temperature at soil layer deeper than 40 cm tends to be stable,the diurnal variation of solar radiation have a little effects on it.The average soil temperature of the wide row below mulching film,the narrow row below mulching film,the lateral positions below mulching film and the positions no mulching film under subsurface drip irrigation are 0.8,1.4,1.2 and 1.6 ℃ higher respectively than those under the dirp irrigation treatment.