白介素-1受体相关激酶1在免疫调控中的研究进展

The research advance of IRAK1 in immune regulation

白介素-1受体相关激酶1（1RAKt）是IRAK激酶家族中一种关键的固有免疫信号调节分子。目前已发现有4种剪接异构体IRAK1a、IRAK1b、IRAK1s和IRAK1C。它们在结构和功能上有共同点，但各自具有自己的特点，由于IRAKlc是新发现的剪接异构体，且缺少激酶活性，因而使其成为了研究的重点。IRAK1具有激酶活性，作为细胞溶质激酶、核激酶及接头蛋白，参与调控TLR／IL-1R两个受体家族的信号级联反应，调节TNFα、Ⅰ型IFN及AP-1等炎症因子的表达。IRAK1的这些功能，使其参与了内毒素耐受，并成为自身免疫性疾病如实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎、系统性红斑狼疮等的关键调节因子。对IRAK1的深入研究将为炎性和感染性疾病的研究提供理论依据，为疾病的治疗带来新的契机。

IRAK1 （ interlenkin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 ） is a member of kinase family, which plays a critical role in innate immunoregulation. The current study has found that there are four splice variants of IRAK1, such as IRAK1a IRAKlb, IRAKIs 和 IRAK1c. they have own characteristics, even though, their structure and function are in common with each other. IRAK1 has kinase activity , and as a Cytosolic kinases, nuclear kinase and adapter protein, it involves in regulation of TLR/IL-1 R signaling cascade to regulate the ex- pression of inflammatory eytokine such as TNF-α, I -type IFN and AP-1. these function of IRAK1 makes it work as a key regulater in autoimmune disease such as experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and systemic lupus erythematosus, it also take part in endotoxin tolerance, futher study of IRAK1 provide a theoretical basis for inflammatory and infectious diseases, which brought new opportunities for the treatment of the disease.