天气指数农业保险探究——以河北省农村为例

The Explore Of Weather Index Agricultural Insurance——Taking Hebei Province as an Example

近年世界范围内极端天气事件频繁发生,对粮食安全造成了重大威胁。利用金融创新工具应对天气灾害、保障粮食安全成为国际研究的热点问题。2008年,国际农业发展基金会(IF-AD)、联合国世界粮食计划署(WFP)与中国农业部签署了在中国试点农村推行天气指数农业保险的项目,标志着我国天气指数农业保险正式引入。为了了解天气指数农业保险的需求情况,文章对河北省正定县和灵寿县40个行政村的400个农户进行了调查问卷,涉及了农户面临的风险,分散风险办法和是否乐意购买天气指数农业保险等问题。调查显示,一旦爆发天气灾害,大多数农民依靠储蓄、抵押贷款、紧急贷款、社会援助或亲属救济来恢复灾后生产与建设,但很多农民已经表示了对天气指数农业保险的极大兴趣;对那些熟悉保险的农户和容易遭受洪涝和干旱天气的农户进行相关分析,结果以很低的相关系数通过检验,证明了事件在统计上是显著发生的,即这类群体对于天气指数农业保险的兴趣更加浓厚。因此,对于天气指数农业保险的理论研究有必要进一步深入。

In recent years, extreme weather events frequently occur worldwide, and it causes serious threats on food safety. It becomes the hot issue of international research that using financial innovation tools cope with the weather disaster and ensure food safty. In 2008, the International Agricultural Development Foundation （ IFAD）, the United Nations World Food Programme （WFP） and the Ministry of Agrieulture of the People ~ Republic of China signed the project that implementation of weather index agricultural insurance was plotted in Chinese rurals, marking the formal introduction of agricultural insurance weather index. The article questionnaires 400 farmers who are de- rived from 40 administrative villages which are members of Zheng Ding county and Ling Shou county, involving risks that farmers confront with, and dispersing methods of risks, and whether or not to buy weather index agricultural in- surance willingly. The survey demonstrates that once the weather disaster outbreaks, most farmers rely on savings, mortgages, emergency loans, social aid or relatives relief to restore the post - disaster production and construction. Meanwhile, many farmers have expressed great interest in the weather index agricultural insurance. For those farmers who are familiar with the insurance and vulnerable to floods and droughts, the result with low correlation coefficient passes the test of correlation analysis. This result prooves that these events have significant occurrence statistically. Such groups give weather index agricultural insurance more interest. Therefore, the weather index agriculture insur- ance theory is necessary to be given further research