小黄蝠精子储存的组织学研究

A Histological Study on Sperm Storage in Scotophilus kuhli

小黄蝠是分布在我国南方典型的翼手类。为探讨小黄蝠是否具有精子储存的现象,利用组织学切片技术,研究不同月份小黄蝠性腺的发育情况,采用放射免疫测定方法测定了不同月份的小黄蝠血清性类固醇激素含量(雌二醇E_2和睾酮T)的变化。结果显示:雄性小黄蝠5月份的附睾有部分的管腔呈中空状态,部份还有精子残留;7月附睾管腔细小、中空、尚未出现精子,但睾丸的曲细精管管腔已经膨大,处于生精作用的早期,管腔中出现精母细胞,未出现精子;8月的附睾与7月相比没有多大变化;10月附睾管腔内均发现有大量聚集的精子,且精子充满附睾的管腔,而曲细精管管腔中没有精子,呈萎缩状态。雌性小黄蝠7、8、10三个月的子宫,输卵管均未发现精子的存在,7月卵巢中出现了不少初级卵泡,8月份的卵泡大多都发育成次级卵泡,到了10月出现了成熟卵泡。4月雄性小黄蝠血清睾酮(T)含量处于一个较高的水平,而7、8月的睾酮的含量逐渐降低,10月睾酮处于一个较低的水平;雌二醇(E_2)含量4月、7月、8月逐渐升高,而10月的雌二醇的含量处于一个较低的水平,表明小黄蝠的精子发生和形成需较高水平的睾酮,卵巢的发育与雌二醇的含量成正相关。小黄蝠的生殖对策可能属于附睾精子储存类型。

Scotophilus kuhli is a kind of characteristic chiroptera distributes in the south of China. In order to examine sperm storage in Scotophilus kuhli, the gonadal development of Scotophilus kuhli were described by using histology slice in different months. The serum estradiol （E2 ） and testosterone （T） content of Scotophilus kuhli were determined by using Radioimmunoassay in different months. The results showed ： In male, there was a part of empty pipes, and stored sperm in epididymis in another part in May. In July the epididymis pipes were tiny, empty and no sperm, but the testicle seminiferous tubules pipe already expanded. In early stage of Spermatogenic, the Spermatocytes appeared in the pipes, but there were no sperm. The testicle has no significantly change between July and August. In October many sperm were discovered in the epididymis pipe , and epididymis pipe was filled with sperm. There were no sperm in the atrophied seminiferous tubules pipe. In female, the wombs and oviduct the sperm were not discovered in July, August, October. In July ovary many primary follicles appeared, in August primary follicle had mostly grown the secondary folli- cle, the mature follicle appeared in October. In April the serum sex steroid T content of the male Scotophilus kuhli was in a high level, but in July and August, theT content decreased gradually, in October serum T content was in a lower level. Female serum E2 content increased gradually in April, July and August, but in October, was in a lower level. These results indicate that high levels of T are required for spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis but not for sperm storage. The estradiol level are correlated with the ovary development. Scotophilus kuhli is the reproductive strategy of sperm storage.