塔里木河流域叶尔羌高原鳅热耐受性的初步研究

A preliminary study on thermal tolerance to Triplophysa (hedinichthys) yarkandensis(Day) in Tarim River

为了研究不同温度对叶尔羌高原鳅热耐受性特征的影响,在水温分别为10、20、30℃的条件下,对叶尔羌高原鳅进行2～4周的驯化,以1℃/h的变温速率连续观测试验鱼的耐受温度.结果表明:各驯化温度下的最高临界温度(CTmax)、最高致死温度(LTmax)分别为35.0、36.0、36.5℃和37.4、38.0、38.5℃,最低临界温度(CTmin)和最低致死温度(LTmin)分别为;6.7、7.0,7.5℃和0.3、0.5、1.0℃.随着驯化温度的提高,致死温度的上限和下限也提高,即耐高温的能力增强,耐低温的能力减弱.经计算,叶尔羌高原鳅在各驯化温度下的温度耐受幅分别为28.3、29.0、29.0℃;在10℃～20℃的驯化温度范围内高、低温驯化反应率分别为0.10和0.05,而在20℃～30℃驯化温度范围内高、低温驯化反应率分别为0.03和0.05;热耐受区域面积为576.5℃;表明叶尔羌高原鳅的热耐受性明显有赖于驯化温度.

To understand the effects of different acclimation temperature on the thermal tolerance of juvenile Triplophysa（hedinichthys） yarkandensis（Day）,the juveniles were acclimated at water temperature 10 ℃,20 ℃ and 30 ℃ for 2～4 weeks,and their thermal tolerance under a temperature variation rate of 1 ℃/h was evaluated.The results showed that the critical thermal maximum（CTmax）,lethal thermal maximum（LTmax）,critical thermal minimum（CTmin）,and lethal thermal minimum（LTmin） at acclimation temperatures 10 ℃,20 ℃ and 30 ℃ were 35.0 ℃,36.0 ℃ and 36.5 ℃;37.4 ℃,38.0 ℃ and 38.5 ℃;6.7 ℃,7.0 ℃ and 7.5 ℃;0.3 ℃,0.5 ℃ and 1.0 ℃.The test parameters all increased with the increasing of acclimation temperature.The thermal tolerance amplitude at 10 ℃,20 ℃ and 30 ℃ was 28.3 ℃,29.0 ℃ and 29.0 ℃,respectively.Within the range of acclimation temperature 10～20 ℃,the acclimation response ratio（ARR） at high and low temperatures was 0.10 and 0.05;while within the range of acclimation temperature 20～30 ℃,ARR was 0.03 and 0.05.The thermal tolerance polygon area of the juveniles with in the range of acclimation temperature 10～30 ℃ was calculated as 576.5 ℃.It was indicated that the thermal tolerance of Triplophysa（hedinichthys） yarkandensis（Day）was dependent on acclimation temperature.