我国应对欧盟拟征航空碳税的举措

China′s Measure Options in Response to EU′s Airline Carbon Tax Proposal

欧盟拟从2012年1月起，对所有在其境内起降的航班征收航空碳税，这一举措的背景是欧盟2005年1月1日正式启动的碳排放交易机制。虽然反对声不绝于耳，但从总体趋势上看，欧盟征收航空碳税则是必然的。据测算，如果我国航空公司所有飞欧盟的航班均被纳入碳排放交易机制，仅2012年便需为此支付7亿～8亿元人民币。我国应采取的应对措施可概括为“反对”、“打牌”、“施压”、“谈判”、“强身”和“对冲”。首先，中国的反对立场可以再强硬些，其次要更多更深地钻研、更有效地利用国际上一切有利的可以利用的宪章、公约、制度、规定和协议，并且需要更高的政府层面的战略对话，航空企业也可以发挥航空器贸易市场上的买方力量向欧盟施加压力．同时要与欧盟有关的不同方面和层面进行谈判、磋商。我国民航业应主动应对节能减排挑战，积极发展绿色民航。政府则应以此为契机，加速发展我国的生物航空燃料产业，并且要尽早建立我国统一的碳排放交易市场。

From January bon emissions over and 2012,airlines landing or taking off within Europe will have to buy permits for carabove a pre-set cap.This plan stems from the carbon trading mechanism officially launched by the EU on January 1,2005.Despite a large number of objections from airlines,it seems the EU would not give up this plan.According to a rough estimate,if all Chinese carriers flying into EU air space are subjected to the carbon trading mechanism,they would need to pay 700-800 million yuan in 2012 alone. In response to this act by the EU,China could take measures outlined as follows：＂Object＂,Play cards＂ , ＂Pile pressure＂ , ＂Negotiate＂ , ＂Beef up＂ and ＂Hedge＂.Firstly,China can turn up the volume on her objections and secondly more indepth research and investigation should be done to make a better use of any applicable international charters,conventions,systems,rules and agreements.Higher levels of strategic dialogues on the government level are also necessary.Airlines can also take advantage of the buyer power on the aircraft trade market to pressure the EU ,while holding talks and consultations with different units of the EU on different levels.China＇s civil aviation industry should take the initiative to meet the energy saving and carbon emission reduction challenges by making its business ＂greener＂.The Chinese government should use this opportunity to accelerate the development of biofuels for the aviation industry and establish a domestic carbon trading market as soon as possible.