怪力乱神的多源汇聚——论《武王伐纣平话》的整体艺术构思及其民间叙事特征

Multi-source Accumulation of Stories about Weirdness,Great Power, Rebellion and Spirits——Study on the Whole Artistic Idea and Characteristic of Folk Narrative of Popular Stories of King Wu’s Punitive Expedition against Despotic Ruler Zhou of the Shang D

儒家素有不语怪力乱神的传统,《武王伐纣平话》虽为讲史平话,但对怪力乱神的因素却情有独钟。该书具有鲜明的民间叙事特征,在整体艺术构思上呈现出由正史向野史传说偏离的倾向,这主要表现在主要角色的替换、神怪因素的激增、战争场景的铺陈等方面。这既是其集以往民间叙事中武王伐纣故事之大成的结果,也与其诞生时的文化语境和审美风尚息息相关。

The Confucian school always has the tradition of saying no stories about weirdness,great power,rebellion and spirits.Although Popular Stories of King Wu’s Punitive Expedition against Despotic Ruler Zhou of the Shang Dynasty is about history,it concentrates on the contents of weirdness,great power,rebellion and spirits.The book has distinctive characteristic of folk narrative,and shows the tendency of deviation from orthodox history to unofficial one and legend as far as the whole artistic idea is concerned,which is mainly reflected in the following aspects： replacement of protagonists,sharp increase in contents of gods and spirits,and expatiation on war scenes.It is not only the result of accumulation of stories of King Wu’s Punitive Expedition against Despotic Ruler Zhou of the Shang Dynasty in folk narrative of the past but also closely related with the cultural context and aesthetic fashion in which it was created.