咪唑类离子液体表面活性剂的合成及其形成微乳液的增溶能力研究

Synthesis of surfactant-like imidazolium ionic liquids and solubilization of microemulsion

合成并提纯了3种离子液体表面活性剂——溴代-1-十二烷基(十四烷基、十六烷基)-3-甲基咪唑(C12 mimBr、C14mimBr、C16mimBr),利用平衡表面张力法测定了临界胶束浓度,检验了其纯度。利用δ-γ"鱼形"相图研究了C12 mimBr(C14mimBr、C16mimBr)/醇/烷烃/盐水(5%NaCl)微乳液体系的增溶能力,利用HLB平面方程计算了亲水-亲油平衡界面膜的组成及微乳液体系的相关物理化学参数,研究发现,表面活性剂分子碳链越长、醇碳链越长以及烷烃碳链越短,微乳液的增溶能力越强。

Three kinds of surfactant-like ionic liquids ： 1 -dodecyl （ tetradecyl, or hexadecyl ） -3-methylimidazolium bromide （ C12 mimBr, C14 mimBr and C16 mimBr） , were synthesized and further purified. At the same time,the critical micelle concentration and the purity of ionic liquids were examined by equilibriums surface tension. The solubilization of the microemulsion systems C12 mimBr （ C14 mimBr, C16 mimBr）/alcohol/alkane/brine have been studied with 8-）,-fish-like phase diagram method at 30℃ and an oil-to-water mass ratio of 1： 1. From the 8-3,-fish-like phase diagram, the composition of the hydrophile-lipophile balanced interfacial layer and the physico-chemical parameters were calculated with δ-γ-HLB plane equation. The longer the aliphatic chain length of the surfactant-like ionic liquids is, the longer the alcohol chain length is,the smaller the oil molecule is,the larger the solubilization of the microemulsion system is.