分层-环槽式热压金刚石钻头应用研究

Study on application of hot-pressed diamond bit with layered ring-groove matrix

多年来,热压金刚石钻头的工作层与金刚石都设计为均质型,整个孔底的环状岩石都由金刚石破碎,这不仅使得金刚石的含量较高,而且金刚石的利用率与钻进效率都受到影响。本文试验研究了一种分层-环槽式热压金刚石钻头,由含金刚石的工作层和不含金刚石的工作层组合而成,含金刚石工作层是破碎岩石的主体,而不含金刚石的工作层则利用钻头的径向与轴向振动,利用破碎穴效应,以机械方式破碎孔底岩石。这种钻头在钻进中能够提高钻头的稳定性,有效减少钻头的非正常磨损,提高金刚石的利用率和钻头的钻进效果。钻进实践表明,这是一种有发展和应用前景的新型钻头。

Hot-pressed diamond bit with homogeneous type of bottom surface has been used for many years.With this type of diamond bit,all the rocks in bottom hole are crushed by diamond grits,which not only demands high diamond concentration but also brings about the restricted utilization rate of diamond grits as well as low drilling efficiency.A new type of hot-pressed diamond bit with layered ring-groove matrix has been investigated herein.The bit is composed of two working layers with and without diamond grits.The former layer is the main body for cutting rock while the latter mechanically cuts rock by using the bit′s vibration from both radial and axial directions as well as the broken cave effects.The designed bit can increase the stability during drilling process;reduce the abnormal wear of diamond bit;raise the utilization rate of diamond grits and drilling effects.The drilling experiments also indicate the promising aspect of the new diamond bit.